there is a lot of information readily available, but essentially Securefiles follows the rewriting in the Oracle RDMS of Lob handling. The net affect is they are quicker and depending on the Edition of Oracle installed, ie Enterprise, provide options to compress and deduplicate data. (some applications may already do this as part of the application logic).
to see what objects are set to use securefiles/basicfiles – inluding any securefile options, run the following sql:
SELECT table_name ,column_name ,cache ,in_row ,encrypt ,compression ,deduplication ,securefile FROM dba_lobs WHERE owner = 'xxxx' ORDER BY table_name, column_name